Free Form [Bonus Track] [Remaster]

Performer: Donald Byrd
Artist: Wayne Shorter; Herbie Hancock; Billy Higgins
Engineer: Rudy Van Gelder
Producer: Alfred Lion; Michael Cuscuna (Reissue)
Distributor: EMI Music Distribution

Notes: Personnel: Donald Byrd (trumpet); Wayne Shorter (tenor saxophone); Herbie Hancock (piano); Butch Warren (bass); Billy Higgins (drums). Recorded at the Van Gelder Studio, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey on December 11, 1961. Personnel: Donald Byrd (trumpet); Wayne Shorter (tenor saxophone); Herbie Hancock (piano); Billy Higgins (drums). Audio Remasterer: Rudy Van Gelder. Liner Note Authors: Nat Hentoff; Bob Blumenthal. Recording information: Van Gelder Studios, Englewood Cliffs, NJ (12/11/1961). Photographer: Francis Wolff. Donald Byrd's 1961 recording Free Form is both a smorgasboard of modern jazz styles and a breakthrough album showing the Detroit-born trumpeter's versatility. Where his brass tone is very lean and toned, he does not resort to outlandish outbursts into the ionosphere, but shows a refined yet daring approach removed from his predecessors or peers, including Clifford Brown and Lee Morgan. With tenor saxophonist Wayne Shorter, a very young pianist Herbie Hancock, drummer Billy Higgins and bassist Butch Warren, Byrd tackles different flavors of jazz with a voracious appetite. "Pentecostal Feelin'" comes straight from the Horace Silver bag, original funk with Shorter, Hancock, and Higgins head-noddin' to the band. By contrast, "Nai Nai" is all straight-ahead hard bop. The more modal "French Spice" is still in the hard-to-post bop mold, but has a two-note base until the horns burst out in a rich melody. The title track represents the so-called "New Thing," a tone row-based spontaneous improvisation where the band is purposefully set apart from the inventive drumming of Higgins. Romance is also on the menu via the no-frills ballad "Night Flower" as Byrd serenely leads the band into a curtain closing venture into tenderness. FREE FORM may be close to Donald Byrd's best early work. Donald Byrd's 1961 recording Free Form is both a smorgasbord of modern jazz styles and a breakthrough album showing the Detroit born trumpeter's versatility and interest in diversity. At age 30, turning down offers to teach and a full decade before turning to commercial funk fusion with his Blackbyrds, Byrd, alongside a wonderful collection of jazz professionals, proves his mettle as an individualist while also stylistically straddling the blurred lines of jazz. Where his brass tone is very lean and toned, he does not resort to outlandish outbursts into the ionosphere, but shows a refined yet daring approach removed from his predecessors or peers -- Clifford Brown and Lee Morgan in particular. With tenor saxophonist Wayne Shorter, a very young pianist Herbie Hancock, drummer Billy Higgins, and bassist Butch Warren, Byrd tackles different flavors of jazz with a voracious appetite, and delivers a very fresh perspective from them all. From Column A -- soul junction -- "Pentecostal Feelin'" comes straight from the Horace Silver bag, an original funk with Shorter, Hancock, and Higgins head noddin' to the band. Column B's "Nai Nai" is all straight-ahead hard bop, lighter but not wimpy as Byrd and Shorter play well together. The more modal "French Spice" is still in the hard-to-post-bop mold, but has a two-note base until the horns burst out with a rich melody. The title track spectacularly represents the so-called "new thing," a tone row-based, searching, or clarion-type spontaneous improvisation where the band is purposefully set apart from the inventive drumming of Higgins in a firmly non-established meter. Romance is also on the menu via the no frills ballad "Night Flower" as Byrd serenely leads the band into a curtain-closing venture into tenderness, with Hancock's underlying chords something to truly behold upon close listening. This may be close to Donald Byrd's best early work, a strong statement that is by no means homogeneous, but expresses many of the avenues in jazz he was exploring while finding his own unique voice on the trumpet. [The 2004 remastered Rudy Van Gelder edition includes a bonus cut in Hancock's finger-poppin' "Three Wishes."] ~ Michael G. Nastos

Donald Byrd set the standard for hard-bop trumpet in his days as a regular on the Prestige and Blue Note labels. His brassy tone and adventurous solos, coupled with a deep sense of the blues, made him one of the most in-demand trumpeters of the 1950s and '60s. Later, Byrd turned to the R&B-influenced side of jazz, which sustained him through several successful years in the late '60s. By the 1970s, Byrd had fully embraced funk and R&B in the form of his popular group, the Blackbyrds. In the '90s, Byrd was introduced to a new crowd when he was a featured performer on rapper Guru's groundbreaking JAZZMATAZZ.

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